Web-Based, Human-Guided, or Computer-Guided Transdiagnostic Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in University Students With Anxiety and Depression: Randomized Controlled Trial

Jurrijn Koelen   ^{1 *} , PhD ;   Anke Klein   ^{1 *} , PhD ;   Nine Wolters   ¹ , PhD ;   Eline Bol   ¹ , MSc ;   Lisa De Koning   ¹ , MSc ;   Samantha Roetink   ¹ , MSc ;   Jorien Van Blom   ¹ , MSc ;   Bruno Boutin   ² , MSc ;   Jessica Schaaf   ³ , PhD ;   Raoul Grasman   ⁴ , PhD ;   Claudia Maria Van der Heijde   ⁵ , PhD ;   Elske Salemink   ⁶ , PhD ;   Heleen Riper   ⁷ , PhD ;   Eirini Karyotaki   ⁷ , PhD ;   Pim Cuijpers   ⁷ , PhD ;   Silvia Schneider   ⁸ , PhD ;   Ronald Rapee   ⁹ , PhD ;   Peter Vonk   ⁵ , MD ;   Reinout Wiers   ¹ , PhD

¹ Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

² Technical Support Psychology Department, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

³ Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands

⁴ Department of Psychological Methods, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

⁵ Department of Research, Development and Prevention, Student Health Service, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

⁶ Experimental Psychopathology and Clinical Psychology Lab, Department of Clinical Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands

⁷ Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Department of Clinical Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands

⁸ Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany

⁹ Centre for Emotional Health, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia

*these authors contributed equally