Examining the Theoretical Framework of Behavioral Activation for Major Depressive Disorder: Smartphone-Based Ecological Momentary Assessment Study

Claire Rosalie van Genugten   ^{1, 2, 3} , MSc ;   Josien Schuurmans   ^{1, 2} , PhD ;   Adriaan W Hoogendoorn   ^{1, 2} , PhD ;   Ricardo Araya   ⁴ , PhD ;   Gerhard Andersson   ^{5, 6} , PhD ;   Rosa Baños   ^{7, 8, 9} , PhD ;   Cristina Botella   ^{8, 10} , PhD ;   Arlinda Cerga Pashoja   ¹¹ , PhD ;   Roman Cieslak   ^{12, 13} , PhD ;   David Daniel Ebert   ¹⁴ , PhD ;   Azucena García-Palacios   ^{8, 10} , PhD ;   Jean-Baptiste Hazo   ^{15, 16} , MSc ;   Rocío Herrero   ^{7, 8} , PhD ;   Jérôme Holtzmann   ¹⁷ , PhD ;   Lise Kemmeren   ^{1, 2} , MSc ;   Annet Kleiboer   ³ , PhD ;   Tobias Krieger   ¹⁸ , PhD ;   Ewelina Smoktunowicz   ¹² , PhD ;   Ingrid Titzler   ¹⁹ , MSc ;   Naira Topooco   ^{5, 20} , PhD ;   Antoine Urech   ¹⁸ , PhD ;   Johannes H Smit   ^{1, 2} , PhD ;   Heleen Riper   ^{1, 2, 3, 21, 22} , PhD

¹ Department of Research and Innovation, GGZ inGeest, Specialized Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, Netherlands

² Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands

³ Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands

⁴ Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neurosciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom

⁵ Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden

⁶ Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

⁷ Polibienestar Research Institute, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain

⁸ Institute of Health Carlos III, CIBERObn CB06 03/0052, Madrid, Spain

⁹ Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain

¹⁰ Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jaume I University, Castellon de la Plana, Spain

¹¹ Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

¹² Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland

¹³ Lyda Hill Institute for Human Resilience, Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, United States

¹⁴ Department for Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany

¹⁵ Eceve, Unit 1123, Inserm, University of Paris, Paris, France

¹⁶ Health Economics Research Unit, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France

¹⁷ Mood Disorders and Emotional Pathologies Unit, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Neurologie et Rééducation Neurologique, University Hospital Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France

¹⁸ Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

¹⁹ Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany

²⁰ Centre for m2health, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, United States

²¹ Institute of Telepsychiatry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

²² Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland