This paper is in the following e-collection/theme issue:

Depression and Mood Disorders; Suicide Prevention (1290) Text-messaging (SMS, WeChat etc)-Based Interventions (624) Anxiety and Stress Disorders (1013) Chatbots and Conversational Agents (473)

Published on in Vol 4, No 2 (2017): Apr-Jun

Delivering Cognitive Behavior Therapy to Young Adults With Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety Using a Fully Automated Conversational Agent (Woebot): A Randomized Controlled Trial

Delivering Cognitive Behavior Therapy to Young Adults With Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety Using a Fully Automated Conversational Agent (Woebot): A Randomized Controlled Trial

Delivering Cognitive Behavior Therapy to Young Adults With Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety Using a Fully Automated Conversational Agent (Woebot): A Randomized Controlled Trial

Authors of this article:

Kathleen Kara Fitzpatrick1 Author Orcid Image ;   Alison Darcy2 Author Orcid Image ;   Molly Vierhile1 Author Orcid Image
Article Authors Cited by (1048) Tweetations (325) Metrics

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  620. Li D, Kao Y, Tsai S, Bai Y, Yeh T, Chu C, Hsu C, Cheng S, Hsu T, Liang C, Su K. Comparing the performance of ChatGPT GPT‐4, Bard, and Llama‐2 in the Taiwan Psychiatric Licensing Examination and in differential diagnosis with multi‐center psychiatrists. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 2024;78(6):347 View
  621. Raman R, Venugopalan M, Kamal A. Evaluating human resources management literacy: A performance analysis of ChatGPT and bard. Heliyon 2024;10(5):e27026 View
  622. Lee I, Hahn S. On the relationship between mind perception and social support of chatbots. Frontiers in Psychology 2024;15 View
  623. Howick J, de Zulueta P, Gray M. Beyond empathy training for practitioners: Cultivating empathic healthcare systems and leadership. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 2024;30(4):548 View
  624. Livermore P, Kupiec K, Wedderburn L, Knight A, Solebo A, Shafran R, Robert G, Sebire N, Gibson F. Designing, Developing, and Testing a Chatbot for Parents and Caregivers of Children and Young People With Rheumatological Conditions (the IMPACT Study): Protocol for a Co-Designed Proof-of-Concept Study. JMIR Research Protocols 2024;13:e57238 View
  625. Mitsea E, Drigas A, Skianis C. Well-Being Technologies and Positive Psychology Strategies for Training Metacognition, Emotional Intelligence and Motivation Meta-Skills in Clinical Populations: A Systematic Review. Psych 2024;6(1):305 View
  626. Rollwage M, Habicht J, Juchems K, Carrington B, Hauser T, Harper R. Conversational AI facilitates mental health assessments and is associated with improved recovery rates. BMJ Innovations 2024;10(1-2):4 View
  627. Nasir S, Khan R, Bai S. Ethical Framework for Harnessing the Power of AI in Healthcare and Beyond. IEEE Access 2024;12:31014 View
  628. Herbener A, Klincewicz M, Damholdt M. A narrative review of the active ingredients in psychotherapy delivered by conversational agents. Computers in Human Behavior Reports 2024;14:100401 View
  629. SARIOĞLU E, GÜREGEN E. Duygusal Yalnızlığa Bir Çözüm Olarak Chatgpt: Kişilerarası İletişimin Yeni Aracı. Türkiye İletişim Araştırmaları Dergisi 2024 View
  630. MacNeill A, MacNeill L, Yi S, Goudreau A, Luke A, Doucet S. Depiction of conversational agents as health professionals: a scoping review. JBI Evidence Synthesis 2024;22(5):831 View
  631. Ambrosio M, Lachman J, Zinzer P, Gwebu H, Vyas S, Vallance I, Calderon F, Gardner F, Markle L, Stern D, Facciola C, Schley A, Danisa N, Brukwe K, Melendez-Torres G. A Factorial Randomized Controlled Trial to Optimize User Engagement With a Chatbot-Led Parenting Intervention: Protocol for the ParentText Optimisation Trial. JMIR Research Protocols 2024;13:e52145 View
  632. Shidara K, Tanaka H, Adachi H, Kanayama D, Kudo T, Nakamura S. Adapting the Number of Questions Based on Detected Psychological Distress for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy With an Embodied Conversational Agent: Comparative Study. JMIR Formative Research 2024;8:e50056 View
  633. Abdelhalim E, Anazodo K, Gali N, Robson K. A framework of diversity, equity, and inclusion safeguards for chatbots. Business Horizons 2024 View
  634. Zafar F, Fakhare Alam L, Vivas R, Wang J, Whei S, Mehmood S, Sadeghzadegan A, Lakkimsetti M, Nazir Z. The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Identifying Depression and Anxiety: A Comprehensive Literature Review. Cureus 2024 View
  635. Balan R, Dobrean A, Poetar C. Use of automated conversational agents in improving young population mental health: a scoping review. npj Digital Medicine 2024;7(1) View
  636. Kuhail M, Mathew S, Khalil A, Berengueres J, Shah S. “Will I be replaced?” Assessing ChatGPT's effect on software development and programmer perceptions of AI tools. Science of Computer Programming 2024;235:103111 View
  637. Nieves J, Osorio M, Rojas-Velazquez D, Magallanes Y, Brännström A. Digital Companions for Well-being: Challenges and Opportunities. Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 2024:1 View
  638. Seitz L. Artificial empathy in healthcare chatbots: Does it feel authentic?. Computers in Human Behavior: Artificial Humans 2024;2(1):100067 View
  639. Boian R, Bucur A, Todea D, Luca A, Rebedea T, Podina I. A conversational agent framework for mental health screening: design, implementation, and usability. Behaviour & Information Technology 2024:1 View
  640. Zampatti S, Peconi C, Megalizzi D, Calvino G, Trastulli G, Cascella R, Strafella C, Caltagirone C, Giardina E. Innovations in Medicine: Exploring ChatGPT’s Impact on Rare Disorder Management. Genes 2024;15(4):421 View
  641. Guingrich R, Graziano M. Ascribing consciousness to artificial intelligence: human-AI interaction and its carry-over effects on human-human interaction. Frontiers in Psychology 2024;15 View
  642. Kolaas K, Berman A, Hedman-Lagerlöf E, Lindsäter E, Hybelius J, Axelsson E. Internet-delivered transdiagnostic psychological treatments for individuals with depression, anxiety or both: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ Open 2024;14(4):e075796 View
  643. King Jr V, Siegel G, Priesmeyer H, Siegel L, Potter J. Development and Evaluation of a Digital App for Patient Self-Management of Opioid Use Disorder: Usability, Acceptability, and Utility Study. JMIR Formative Research 2024;8:e48068 View
  644. Kataria A, Desai R, Kapadia H, Patel R, Maru A, Shah B, Pandya D. SENTI Aid: Sentiment Analysis on Personal Relations and Aiding Mental Health. International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology (IJISRT) 2024:1699 View
  645. Grodniewicz J, Hohol M. Therapeutic Chatbots as Cognitive-Affective Artifacts. Topoi 2024;43(3):795 View
  646. Forman-Hoffman V, Flom M, Montgomery R, Robinson A. Improvements in Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Among Adults With Anxiety or Depressive Symptoms Participating in a Relational Agent–Delivered Digital Mental Health Intervention. Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine 2024;66(3):e99 View
  647. Cevasco K, Morrison Brown R, Woldeselassie R, Kaplan S. Patient Engagement with Conversational Agents in Health Applications 2016–2022: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Medical Systems 2024;48(1) View
  648. Laymouna M, Ma Y, Lessard D, Schuster T, Engler K, Lebouché B. Roles, Users, Benefits, and Limitations of Chatbots in Health Care: Rapid Review. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2024;26:e56930 View
  649. Jia X, He J, Zhang Q, Jin J. AdMISC: Advanced Multi-Task Learning and Feature-Fusion for Emotional Support Conversation. Electronics 2024;13(8):1484 View
  650. Liu J, Ito S, Ngo T, Lawate A, Ong Q, Fox T, Chang S, Phung D, Nair E, Palaiyan M, Joty S, Abisheganaden J, Lee C, Lwin M, Theng Y, Ho M, Chia M, Bojic I, Car J. A pilot randomised controlled trial exploring the feasibility and efficacy of a human-AI sleep coaching model for improving sleep among university students. DIGITAL HEALTH 2024;10 View
  651. Zhong W, Luo J, Zhang H. The therapeutic effectiveness of artificial intelligence-based chatbots in alleviation of depressive and anxiety symptoms in short-course treatments: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders 2024;356:459 View
  652. Yeung A, Litvinova O, Bragazzi N, Khader Y, Rahman M, Said Z, Istepanian R, Koulaouzidis A, Aremu A, Flanagan J, Rabiee N, Islam S, Tewari D, Venkatachalam G, Orlando G, Niebauer J, Georgakilas A, Saeb M, Hrg D, Yuan Y, Imran M, Cheng H, Souto E, Devkota H, Leone M, Manjunatha J, Tzvetkov N, Matin M, Adamska O, Völkl-Kernstock S, Hammerle F, Matin F, Siddiquea B, Wang D, Stoyanov J, Horbańczuk J, Koszarska M, Parvanov E, Bartel I, Jóźwik A, Ksepka N, Zima-Kulisiewicz B, Schuller B, Pandey G, Bates D, Wong T, Glicksberg B, Banach M, Tomasik C, Kadry S, Wong S, Lordan R, Nawaz F, Singla R, MohanaSundaram A, Mondal H, Juhi A, Mondal S, Cenanovic M, Zielińska A, Tsagkaris C, De R, Chandragiri S, Damaševičius R, Nsengiyumva M, Stolarczyk A, Eminağa O, Cascella M, Willschke H, Atanasov A. Digital health and mobile health: a bibliometric analysis of the 100 most cited papers and their contributing authors. Exploration of Digital Health Technologies 2024:86 View
  653. B. Sable A, Kapse D. A Framework Design for Centralised Monitoring of Patient Disease Diagnosis for Better Improvement. International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 2024;13(4):47 View
  654. Luna A, Hyler S. From Bytes to Insights: The Promise and Peril of Artificial Intelligence–Powered Psychiatry. Academic Psychiatry 2024 View
  655. Magwood O, Saad A, Ranger D, Volpini K, Rukikamirera F, Haridas R, Sayfi S, Alexander J, Tan Y, Pottie K. Mobile apps to reduce depressive symptoms and alcohol use in youth: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Campbell Systematic Reviews 2024;20(2) View
  656. Hirani R, Noruzi K, Khuram H, Hussaini A, Aifuwa E, Ely K, Lewis J, Gabr A, Smiley A, Tiwari R, Etienne M. Artificial Intelligence and Healthcare: A Journey through History, Present Innovations, and Future Possibilities. Life 2024;14(5):557 View
  657. P. Dinesh , R. Gayathri , R. Pugazhini . Interactive AI Chatbot for Mental Illness. International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology 2024:68 View
  658. Langayan R. Establishing Genuine Human Connections Through Digital Entities. International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology (IJISRT) 2024:1106 View
  659. Jain G, Pareek S, Carlbring P. Revealing the source: How awareness alters perceptions of AI and human-generated mental health responses. Internet Interventions 2024;36:100745 View
  660. Suh J, Pendse S, Lewis R, Howe E, Saha K, Okoli E, Amores J, Ramos G, Shen J, Borghouts J, Sharma A, Pedrelli P, Friedman L, Jackman C, Benhalim Y, Ong D, Segal S, Althoff T, Czerwinski M. Rethinking technology innovation for mental health: framework for multi-sectoral collaboration. Nature Mental Health 2024;2(5):478 View
  661. Wei J, Kim S, Jung H, Kim Y. Leveraging Large Language Models to Power Chatbots for Collecting User Self-Reported Data. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 2024;8(CSCW1):1 View
  662. Wester J, Pohl H, Hosio S, van Berkel N. "This Chatbot Would Never...": Perceived Moral Agency of Mental Health Chatbots. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 2024;8(CSCW1):1 View
  663. Noh H, Go J, Song S, Kim S, Kang Y. Investigating the Possibility of Using an AR Mask to Support Online Psychological Counseling. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 2024;8(CSCW1):1 View
  664. Gutierrez G, Stephenson C, Eadie J, Asadpour K, Alavi N. Examining the role of AI technology in online mental healthcare: opportunities, challenges, and implications, a mixed-methods review. Frontiers in Psychiatry 2024;15 View
  665. Mármol-Romero A, García-Vega M, García-Cumbreras M, Montejo-Ráez A. An Empathic GPT-Based Chatbot to Talk About Mental Disorders With Spanish Teenagers. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction 2024:1 View
  666. Jyoti A, Yadav V, Pal A, Rahul M, Jha S. The Transformative Impact of AI and Machine Learning on Human Psychology. Recent Advances in Computer Science and Communications 2024;17(2) View
  667. Idrees A, Kraft R, Mutter A, Baumeister H, Reichert M, Pryss R, Kisimbi T. Persuasive technologies design for mental and behavioral health platforms: A scoping literature review. PLOS Digital Health 2024;3(5):e0000498 View
  668. Naher J. Can ChatGPT provide a better support: a comparative analysis of ChatGPT and dataset responses in mental health dialogues. Current Psychology 2024 View
  669. Jin Y, Chen L, Zhao X, Cai W. The way you assess matters: User interaction design of survey chatbots for mental health. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 2024;189:103290 View
  670. Ronneberg C, Lv N, Ajilore O, Kannampallil T, Smyth J, Kumar V, Barve A, Garcia C, Dosala S, Wittels N, Xiao L, Aborisade G, Zhang A, Tang Z, Johnson J, Ma J. Study of a PST-trained voice-enabled artificial intelligence counselor for adults with emotional distress (SPEAC-2): Design and methods. Contemporary Clinical Trials 2024;142:107574 View
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  672. Kim M, Oh J, Kim D, Shin J, Lee D. Understanding User Preferences in Developing a Mental Healthcare AI Chatbot: A Conjoint Analysis Approach. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction 2024:1 View
  673. Bucher A, Blazek E, Symons C. How Are Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence Used in Digital Behavior Change Interventions? A Scoping Review. Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Digital Health 2024 View
  674. Kleinau E, Lamba T, Jaskiewicz W, Gorentz K, Hungerbuehler I, Rahimi D, Kokota D, Maliwichi L, Jamu E, Zumazuma A, Negrão M, Mota R, Khouri Y, Kapps M, González-Blanch C. Effectiveness of a chatbot in improving the mental wellbeing of health workers in Malawi during the COVID-19 pandemic: A randomized, controlled trial. PLOS ONE 2024;19(5):e0303370 View
  675. Zafar M. Enhancing University Students’ Mental Health under Artificial Intelligence: Principles of Behaviour Therapy. OBM Neurobiology 2024;08(02):1 View
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  677. MacNeill A, Doucet S, Luke A. Effectiveness of a Mental Health Chatbot for People With Chronic Diseases: Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Formative Research 2024;8:e50025 View
  678. Brescó de Luna I, Jiménez-Alonso B. Deathbots. Discussing the use of Artificial Intelligence in grief / Deathbots. Debatiendo el uso de la Inteligencia Artificial en el duelo. Studies in Psychology: Estudios de Psicología 2024;45(1):103 View
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  684. El-Tallawy S, Pergolizzi J, Vasiliu-Feltes I, Ahmed R, LeQuang J, Alzahrani T, Varrassi G, Awaleh F, Alsubaie A, Nagiub M. Innovative Applications of Telemedicine and Other Digital Health Solutions in Pain Management: A Literature Review. Pain and Therapy 2024;13(4):791 View
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Books/Policy Documents

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  34. Benítez-Guijarro A, Bond R, Booth F, Callejas Z, Ennis E, Esposito A, Kraus M, McConvey G, McTear M, Mulvenna M, Potts C, Pragst L, Turkington R, Wagner N, Zheng H. Conversational Dialogue Systems for the Next Decade. View
  35. van Wezel M, Croes E, Antheunis M. Chatbot Research and Design. View
  36. Beutel M, Kraft-Bauersachs C, Kreß S, Leinberger B, Loew T, Olbrich D, Schonnebeck M, Zwerenz R. Praxishandbuch Psychosomatische Medizin in der Rehabilitation. View
  37. Hussna A, Laz A, Sikder M, Uddin J, Tinmaz H, Esfar-E-Alam A. Intelligent Human Computer Interaction. View
  38. Agnihotri M, Pooja Rao S, Jayagopi D, Hebbar S, Rasipuram S, Maitra A, Sengupta S. Pattern Recognition. ICPR International Workshops and Challenges. View
  39. Sachdev J, Kamath A, Bhatnagar N, Bhatnagar R, Rawal A, Darwish A, Hassenian A. Digital Transformation and Emerging Technologies for Fighting COVID-19 Pandemic: Innovative Approaches. View
  40. Rosenfeld A, Benrimoh D, Armstrong C, Mirchi N, Langlois-Therrien T, Rollins C, Tanguay-Sela M, Mehltretter J, Fratila R, Israel S, Snook E, Perlman K, Kleinerman A, Saab B, Thoburn M, Gabbay C, Yaniv-Rosenfeld A. Applications of Big Data in Healthcare. View
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  42. Poh S, Tan Y, Ooi C, Tan W, Quek A, Gan C, Lee Y, Yap Z, Cham C. Computational Science and Technology. View
  43. Mason-Robbie V. Postdigital Humans. View
  44. Casas-Roma J, Conesa J. Intelligent Systems and Learning Data Analytics in Online Education. View
  45. Gamboa P, Quaresma C, Varandas R, Gamboa H. Technological Innovation for Applied AI Systems. View
  46. Mitruț O, Moldoveanu A, Petrescu L, Petrescu C, Moldoveanu F. Virtual, Augmented and Mixed Reality. View
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  48. Jovanović M, Jevremović A, Pejović-Milovančević M. Artificial Intelligence: Theory and Applications. View
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  50. Shirish A. Management and Marketing for Improved Competitiveness and Performance in the Healthcare Sector. View
  51. Neef C, Mai V, Richert A. Human-Computer Interaction. User Experience and Behavior. View
  52. Martinez-Martin N. Artificial Intelligence in Brain and Mental Health: Philosophical, Ethical & Policy Issues. View
  53. Gundavarapu M, Saaketh Koundinya G, Bollina Devi Sai T, Kidambi Sree G. Applied Computational Technologies. View
  54. Cirillo D, Gonen H, Santus E, Valencia A, Costa-jussà M, Villegas M. Sex and Gender Bias in Technology and Artificial Intelligence. View
  55. Gallese C. Highlights in Practical Applications of Agents, Multi-Agent Systems, and Complex Systems Simulation. The PAAMS Collection. View
  56. Maples B, Pea R, Markowitz D. AI in Learning: Designing the Future. View
  57. Das A, Sen V, Rose A. Augmenting Neurological Disorder Prediction and Rehabilitation Using Artificial Intelligence. View
  58. Musyimi C, Lai Y, Mutiso V, Ndetei D. Innovations in Global Mental Health. View
  59. Lloyd N, Khuman A. Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare. View
  60. Martins C, Martinho D, Marreiros G, Conceição L, Faria L, Simões de Almeida R. Digital Therapies in Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Mental Health. View
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