Retention and Engagement in Culturally Adapted Digital Mental Health Interventions: Systematic Review of Dropout, Attrition, and Adherence in Non-Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic Settings

Tanya Tandon   ^{1 *} , PhD ;   Rajashree Biswas   ^{2 *} , MSc ;   Quentin Meteier   ^{1, 3} , PhD ;   Karl Daher   ^{1, 4} , PhD ;   Omar Abou Khaled   ⁴ , PhD ;   Björn Meyer   ⁵ , PhD ;   Thomas Berger   ⁶ , PhD ;   Rashmi Gupta   ^{2, 7} , PhD ;   Chantal Martin Soelch   ¹ , PhD

¹ Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland

² Cognitive and Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India

³ HumanTech Institute, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland, Fribourg, Switzerland

⁴ Haute École d’Ingénierie et d’Architecture de Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland

⁵ Department of Research, Gaia AG, Hamburg, Germany

⁶ Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

⁷ Koita Centre for Digital Health, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India

*these authors contributed equally