This paper is in the following e-collection/theme issue:

Theme Issue 2023 - 2024 : Responsible Design, Integration, and Use of Generative AI in Mental Health (16) Chatbots and Conversational Agents (740) Digital Mental Health Interventions, e-Mental Health and Cyberpsychology (2111) Generative Language Models Including ChatGPT (708) Artificial Intelligence (2129)

Published on in Vol 12 (2025)

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/60432, first published .
Exploring the Ethical Challenges of Conversational AI in Mental Health Care: Scoping Review

Exploring the Ethical Challenges of Conversational AI in Mental Health Care: Scoping Review

Exploring the Ethical Challenges of Conversational AI in Mental Health Care: Scoping Review

Authors of this article:

Mehrdad Rahsepar Meadi1, 2 Author Orcid Image ;   Tomas Sillekens3 Author Orcid Image ;   Suzanne Metselaar2 Author Orcid Image ;   Anton van Balkom1 Author Orcid Image ;   Justin Bernstein4 Author Orcid Image ;   Neeltje Batelaan1 Author Orcid Image
Article Authors Cited by (27) Tweetations (12) Metrics

Journals

  1. Mansoor M, Hamide A, Tran T. Conversational AI in Pediatric Mental Health: A Narrative Review. Children 2025;12(3):359 View
  2. Han K. Future Perspectives of Artificial Intelligence in Mental Health Care: Challenges and Opportunities. Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing 2025;34(1):1 View
  3. Bobkov A, Cheng F, Xu J, Bobkova T, Deng F, He J, Jiang X, Khuzin D, Kang Z. Telepsychiatry and Artificial Intelligence: A Structured Review of Emerging Approaches to Accessible Psychiatric Care. Healthcare 2025;13(11):1348 View
  4. Graham A, Ortega A, Rooper I, Smith A. Mental Health Clinicians as Advocates for Effective, Equitable, Accessible, and Safe Digital Mental Health Services. Focus 2025;23(3):307 View
  5. Shetty R, Padmakumari P. Co-creating Value in Mental Health: A Business Development Perspective on Mental Health Professionals’ Partnerships with Social Media and Artificial Intelligence Platforms in India. Journal of Mental Health and Human Behaviour 2025 View
  6. Samiun M, Rony M, Yeasmin S, Manik M, Debnath A, Aziz M, Tasnim A, Nilima S. The role of artificial intelligence in managing hospitalized patients with mental illness: a scoping review. Discover Public Health 2025;22(1) View
  7. Dong W, Wang W, Han X, Huang J, Li L, Huang Y. Can GPT-4 provide human-level emotion support? Insights from machine learning-based evaluation framework. Computers in Biology and Medicine 2025;196:110789 View
  8. Guglielmucci F, Di Basilio D. Predicting Engagement With Conversational Agents in Mental Health Therapy by Examining the Role of Epistemic Trust, Personality, and Fear of Intimacy: Cross-Sectional Web-Based Survey Study. JMIR Human Factors 2025;12:e70698 View
  9. Cabrera Lozoya D, Conway M, Sebastiano De Duro E, D'Alfonso S. Leveraging Large Language Models for Simulated Psychotherapy Client Interactions: Development and Usability Study of Client101. JMIR Medical Education 2025;11:e68056 View
  10. Olla P, Wodwaski N, Long T. Beyond the Bot: A Dual-Phase Framework for Evaluating AI Chatbot Simulations in Nursing Education. Nursing Reports 2025;15(8):280 View
  11. Ding X, Barbic S. Perception of AI Use in Youth Mental Health Services: Qualitative Study. Journal of Participatory Medicine 2025;17:e69449 View
  12. Flaherty H, Krishnan P. Refusing to Fall Behind: The Ethical Obligation to Embrace AI in Mental Health Social Work. Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work 2025:1 View
  13. Aggarwal N, Bhugra D. The ethics of Artificial Intelligence-based psychotherapy and the future of psychiatry. International Review of Psychiatry 2025:1 View
  14. Kasno M, Jung J. Feasibility of an AI-Enabled Smart Mirror Integrating MA-rPPG, Facial Affect, and Conversational Guidance in Realtime. Sensors 2025;25(18):5831 View
  15. Löchner J. From Data to Care. Kindheit und Entwicklung 2025;34(2):63 View
  16. Tomasz Ufniarski , Maria Ufniarska , Aleksandra Piech , Karolina Pasierb , Karol Poplicha , Martyna Grodzińska , Bartłomiej Siuzdak , Justyna Moszkowicz , Piotr Sobkiewicz , Patrycja Kardasz , Marta Jutrzenka , Patrycja Ucieklak . LARGE LANGUAGE MODEL BASED CHATBOTS – A CHANCE FOR CLOSING THE MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT GAP OR A THREAT TO THE PUBLIC HEALTH? A NARRATIVE REVIEW. International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science 2025;3(3(47)) View
  17. Yeasmin S, Saha S, Khan Rony M, Akter Semi M, Das S, Rahman R, Khan R, Tasnim A, Hosen A. The role of AI-driven art therapy in supporting autism, mental health, and emotional well-being: An umbrella review. DIGITAL HEALTH 2025;11 View
  18. Suk Lee J, Hoon Jun J, Hwa Kim D, Jin Oh S. Implementation of a Patient Risk Behavior Monitoring System Using Real-Time Sensor Data and AI. IEEE Access 2025;13:177907 View
  19. Löchner J, Bolivar M, Booth L, Canella S, Calobro M, Firth J, Garcia-Palacios A, Kyritsaka A, Sander L, Seiferth C, Seizer L, Teesson M, Tyrowicz J, Vogel L, Wheeler E, Wolstein J, Schuller B. Multidisciplinary perspectives on personalised prevention in youth mental health. Frontiers in Digital Health 2025;7 View
  20. Garcia Colato E, Yuan A, Samtani S, Pescosolido B, Tasci B. Artificial intelligence (AI)-Enabled behavioral health application for college students: Pilot study protocol. PLOS One 2025;20(10):e0335847 View
  21. Wallace K. Failure Is Not an Option: It’s Reality Calling. Computer 2025;58(11):42 View
  22. Ohu F, Burrell D, Jones L. Public Health Risk Management, Policy, and Ethical Imperatives in the Use of AI Tools for Mental Health Therapy. Healthcare 2025;13(21):2721 View
  23. Mikaeili N, Naeim M, Narimani M. Reimagining Mental Health with Artificial Intelligence: Early Detection, Personalized Care, and a Preventive Ecosystem. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare 2025;Volume 18:7355 View
  24. Anjum R, Daud S, Bhatti G, Saddique F. Evaluation of AI-based mental health interventions using the grey relational analysis. Grey Systems: Theory and Application 2025:1 View
  25. Naji G, Yuan F, Azzura N, Danish F, Ateeq A, Ibrahim S, Hakimi H, Abdollah A, Iskandar Y. Factors influencing perceived benefits and behavioral intention to use mental health chatbots among professional employees: an empirical study. Frontiers in Digital Health 2025;7 View

Books/Policy Documents

  1. Katoch H, Sandhu D. Harnessing Emotion AI for Customer Support and Employee Wellbeing. View

Conference Proceedings

  1. Park J, Cho H, Chu H, Lee Y, Lim H. Proceedings of the 2025 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference. NoRe: Augmenting Journaling Experience with Generative AI for Music Creation View