Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Item Pairing Predictiveness for Prescreening Depressive Symptomatology: Machine Learning Analysis

Darragh Glavin   ^{1, 2} , BEng ;   Eoin Martino Grua   ^{1, 2} , PhD ;   Carina Akemi Nakamura   ³ , PhD ;   Marcia Scazufca   ^{3, 4} , PhD ;   Edinilza Ribeiro dos Santos   ⁵ , PhD ;   Gloria H Y Wong   ^{6, 7} , PhD ;   William Hollingworth   ⁸ , PhD ;   Tim J Peters   ⁹ , PhD ;   Ricardo Araya   ¹⁰ , PhD ;   Pepijn Van de Ven   ^{1, 2} , PhD

¹ Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland

² Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland

³ Departamento de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

⁴ Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

⁵ Health Sciences School, University of the State of Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil

⁶ Department of Social Work and Social Administration, University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, China (Hong Kong)

⁷ Sau Po Centre on Ageing, University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, China (Hong Kong)

⁸ Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

⁹ Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

¹⁰ Centre for Global Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom