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The Effectiveness of a Custom AI Chatbot for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Health Literacy: Development and Evaluation Study

The Effectiveness of a Custom AI Chatbot for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Health Literacy: Development and Evaluation Study

Diabetes is a highly prevalent chronic disease, with an estimated 537 million people worldwide living with diabetes [1]. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2 DM) accounts for approximately 90% of this number. Diabetes is associated with a number of serious complications and is the most common cause of kidney failure requiring dialysis, lower limb amputation, and blindness in working-age adults.

Anthony Kelly, Eoin Noctor, Laura Ryan, Pepijn van de Ven

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e70131

Adapting a Text Messaging Intervention to Improve Diabetes Medication Adherence in a Spanish-Speaking Population: Qualitative Study

Adapting a Text Messaging Intervention to Improve Diabetes Medication Adherence in a Spanish-Speaking Population: Qualitative Study

While interventions that address patient-reported barriers to diabetes medication adherence can improve glycemic management [20,21], interventions that address barriers to diabetes medication adherence of relevance to Latino adults with T2 D are lacking.

Jacqueline Seiglie, Seth Tobolsky, Ricaurte Crespo Trevino, Lluvia Cordova, Sara Cromer, A Enrique Caballero, Margarita Alegria, J Jaime Miranda, Deborah Wexler, Lindsay Mayberry

JMIR Hum Factors 2025;12:e66668

Using Social Media to Recruit a Diverse Sample of Participants for a Mobile Health (mHealth) Intervention to Increase Physical Activity: Exploratory Study

Using Social Media to Recruit a Diverse Sample of Participants for a Mobile Health (mHealth) Intervention to Increase Physical Activity: Exploratory Study

Online recruitment was emphasized in multiple m Health research areas such as depression [8,10-14], anxiety [10], smoking and tobacco use [15-17], diabetes [18], cancer survivor support [19], and healthy weight gain in pregnancy [20].

Laura Pathak, Rosa Hernandez-Ramos, Karina Rosales, Jose Miramontes-Gomez, Faviola Garcia, Vivian Yip, Suchitra Sudarshan, Anupama Gunshekar Cemballi, Courtney Lyles, Adrian Aguilera

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2025;13:e56329

Exploring Psychosocial Burdens of Diabetes in Pregnancy and the Feasibility of Technology-Based Support: Qualitative Study

Exploring Psychosocial Burdens of Diabetes in Pregnancy and the Feasibility of Technology-Based Support: Qualitative Study

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), defined by the World Health Organization as a condition of hyperglycemia in pregnancy with blood glucose measurements exceeding normal values but below values diagnostic of diabetes, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2 DM) during pregnancy impose greater burdens and correlate with greater health risks including increased rates of maternal and neonatal morbidity than diabetes mellitus (DM) outside of pregnancy [1]. Antenatal DM management mitigates these risks [2].

Maya V Roytman, Layna Lu, Elizabeth Soyemi, Karolina Leziak, Charlotte M Niznik, Lynn M Yee

JMIR Diabetes 2025;10:e53854

Maternal Metabolic Health and Mother and Baby Health Outcomes (MAMBO): Protocol of a Prospective Observational Study

Maternal Metabolic Health and Mother and Baby Health Outcomes (MAMBO): Protocol of a Prospective Observational Study

The offspring of mothers with pre-existing metabolic diseases—obesity, diabetes, and hypertension—have an increased risk of significant congenital anomalies and premature birth compared with the offspring of mothers without metabolic disease [1]. These offspring are also twice as likely to develop obesity, diabetes, and hypertension in childhood [2].

Sarah A L Price, Digsu N Koye, Alice Lewin, Alison Nankervis, Stefan C Kane

JMIR Res Protoc 2025;14:e72542

Barriers and Determinants of Referral Adherence in AI-Enabled Diabetic Retinopathy Screening for Older Adults in Northern India During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Mixed Methods Pilot Study

Barriers and Determinants of Referral Adherence in AI-Enabled Diabetic Retinopathy Screening for Older Adults in Northern India During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Mixed Methods Pilot Study

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a prevalent and severe microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) [1]. In India, 10.9% (7.2%‐16.3%) of individuals aged 65 years and above with diabetes have DR, with 2.3% (1.2%‐4.4%) suffering from vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy (VTDR) [1], characterized by severe retinopathy or macular edema [2]. DR is typically asymptomatic in its early stages, and it can lead to visual impairment or blindness if left untreated [3].

Anshul Chauhan, Anju Goyal, Ritika Masih, Gagandeep Kaur, Lakshay Kumar, ­ Neha, Harsh Rastogi, Sonam Kumar, Bidhi Lord Singh, Preeti Syal, Vishali Gupta, Luke Vale, Mona Duggal

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e67047

Evaluation of the Clinical Nursing Effects of a Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing Program Based on Care Pathways for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Evaluation of the Clinical Nursing Effects of a Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing Program Based on Care Pathways for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

According to the Guideline for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in China (2020 Edition) [1], the prevalence of diabetes in China has surged from 0.67% in 1980 to 11.2% in 2015-2017 [2,3]. Diabetes management in China faces significant challenges, particularly in rural areas where awareness, treatment, and control rates remain low.

Yanchun Zhao, Ting Huang, Yanli Chen, Songmei Li, Juan Zhao, Xu Han, Qing Ni, Ning Su

JMIR Res Protoc 2025;14:e58951

Personalized mHealth Intervention (StepAdd) for Increasing Physical Activity in Japanese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Secondary Analysis of Social Cognitive Theory Measurements of a Single-Arm Pilot Study

Personalized mHealth Intervention (StepAdd) for Increasing Physical Activity in Japanese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Secondary Analysis of Social Cognitive Theory Measurements of a Single-Arm Pilot Study

Digital therapeutics (DTx), defined as evidence-based therapeutic interventions that are driven by high-quality software programs to treat, manage, or prevent a disease or disorder, can be effective in treating diabetes by inducing behavior changes [1]. However, studies of DTx generally do not explore the implications of the underlying behavior change theory.

Kayo Waki, Syunpei Enomoto, Toshimasa Yamauchi, Masaomi Nangaku, Kazuhiko Ohe

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e60221

Multilevel Intervention to Increase Patient Portal Use in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Who Access Health Care at Community Health Centers: Single Arm, Pre-Post Pilot Study

Multilevel Intervention to Increase Patient Portal Use in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Who Access Health Care at Community Health Centers: Single Arm, Pre-Post Pilot Study

There are significant racial and ethnic disparities in the prevalence, morbidity, and mortality of type 2 diabetes (T2 D). Despite medical advances and increased access to medical care, these disparities persist. Racial or ethnic minorities are more likely to have poor glycemic control [1], develop diabetes-related complications [2], and are 1.5-2.3 times more likely to die from diabetes than White individuals [3].

Robin Whittemore, Sangchoon Jeon, Samuel Akyirem, Helen N C Chen, Joanna Lipson, Maritza Minchala, Julie Wagner

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e67293

Examining How Adults With Diabetes Use Technologies to Support Diabetes Self-Management: Mixed Methods Study

Examining How Adults With Diabetes Use Technologies to Support Diabetes Self-Management: Mixed Methods Study

Adults with diabetes can significantly lower their risk of diabetes complications such as nerve damage, kidney failure, blindness, myocardial infarction, and stroke by maintaining healthy daily diabetes self-management behaviors [1-3].

Timothy Bober, Sophia Garvin, Jodi Krall, Margaret Zupa, Carissa Low, Ann-Marie Rosland

JMIR Diabetes 2025;10:e64505