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Wrist-Worn and Arm-Worn Wearables for Monitoring Heart Rate During Sedentary and Light-to-Vigorous Physical Activities: Device Validation Study

Wrist-Worn and Arm-Worn Wearables for Monitoring Heart Rate During Sedentary and Light-to-Vigorous Physical Activities: Device Validation Study

Moreover, mean absolute error, mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), 5% accuracy (percentage of MAPE within a 5% range of the reference value), root-mean-squared error (RMSE), and ordinary least squares linear regression were used to evaluate accuracy.

Theresa Schweizer, Rahel Gilgen-Ammann

JMIR Cardio 2025;9:e67110

Synthetic Data-Driven Approaches for Chinese Medical Abstract Sentence Classification: Computational Study

Synthetic Data-Driven Approaches for Chinese Medical Abstract Sentence Classification: Computational Study

Notably, when trained on dataset #1, the SBERT-Doc SCAN algorithm emerges as the leading performer, securing an accuracy and F1-score of 0.8985 on the test dataset. This standout performance highlights the algorithm’s capability to classify medical domain data with high precision. Additionally, the SBERT-MEC algorithm also displays comparable performance on the same dataset, with an accuracy and F1-score of 0.8938, making it the second most effective algorithm in our evaluation.

Jiajia Li, Zikai Wang, Longxuan Yu, Hui Liu, Haitao Song

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e54803

Creation of Scientific Response Documents for Addressing Product Medical Information Inquiries: Mixed Method Approach Using Artificial Intelligence

Creation of Scientific Response Documents for Addressing Product Medical Information Inquiries: Mixed Method Approach Using Artificial Intelligence

The accuracy of an SRD is crucial in its creation. Furthermore, traceability and accountability are essential considerations. The use of LLMs like Chat GPT often results in the original authors and sources not being cited, leading to the misattribution of information [13]. This study has 2 aims. The first is to quantify the challenges of SRD creation by gathering the opinions of medical information professionals regarding the time consumption of the various steps of SRD development.

Jerry Lau, Shivani Bisht, Robert Horton, Annamaria Crisan, John Jones, Sandeep Gantotti, Evelyn Hermes-DeSantis

JMIR AI 2025;4:e55277

GPT-3.5 Turbo and GPT-4 Turbo in Title and Abstract Screening for Systematic Reviews

GPT-3.5 Turbo and GPT-4 Turbo in Title and Abstract Screening for Systematic Reviews

This study aimed to compare accuracy and efficiency between GPT-3.5 Turbo and GPT-4 Turbo (Open AI)—widely used LLMs in the medical field—in title and abstract screening. We conducted a post hoc analysis of our previous study to evaluate the performance of GPT-3.5 Turbo and GPT-4 Turbo in LLM-assisted title and abstract screening, using data from 5 clinical questions (CQs) developed for the Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2024 [6,10].

Takehiko Oami, Yohei Okada, Taka-aki Nakada

JMIR Med Inform 2025;13:e64682

Accuracy of Large Language Models for Literature Screening in Thoracic Surgery: Diagnostic Study

Accuracy of Large Language Models for Literature Screening in Thoracic Surgery: Diagnostic Study

However, their accuracy in the screening process for meta-analyses remains unclear. We hypothesized that LLM-assisted literature screening could achieve accuracy comparable with manual screening. To test this hypothesis, we designed a diagnostic trial using conventional manual screening as the reference standard to evaluate the accuracy of LLM-assisted literature screening. This prospective diagnostic study aimed to assess the validity of LLMs for assisting with literature screening during meta-analysis.

Zhang-Yi Dai, Fu-Qiang Wang, Cheng Shen, Yan-Li Ji, Zhi-Yang Li, Yun Wang, Qiang Pu

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e67488

Evidence on Digital HIV Self-Testing From Accuracy to Impact: Updated Systematic Review

Evidence on Digital HIV Self-Testing From Accuracy to Impact: Updated Systematic Review

A systematic review comparing the accuracy of HIV self-tests conducted by the general population to that of diagnostic tests performed by health care practitioners concluded that HIV self-testing innovations were a reliable and accurate method of testing when used by the general population [8]. Although these reviews provide valuable insights into the accuracy of HIV self-testing, no systematic reviews have yet assessed the impact of digital innovations on HIV self-testing accuracy.

Ashlyn Beecroft, Olivia Vaikla, Nora Engel, Thomas Duchaine, Chen Liang, Nitika Pant Pai

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e63110

Assessment of the Sensitivity of a Smartphone App to Assist Patients in the Identification of Stroke and Myocardial Infarction: Cross-Sectional Study

Assessment of the Sensitivity of a Smartphone App to Assist Patients in the Identification of Stroke and Myocardial Infarction: Cross-Sectional Study

The app quantified the three following finger-tapping characteristics: (1) speed of finger-tapping for 10 seconds against literature-based standards, (2) comparison of finger-tapping speed on the left versus right hand, and (3) the accuracy of tapping in the middle of the target provided. Participants’ responses to questions and their finger-tapping statistics were aggregated into an ECHAS score.

Amar Dhand, Rama Mangipudi, Anubodh S Varshney, Jonathan R Crowe, Andria L Ford, Nancy K Sweitzer, Min Shin, Samuel Tate, Haissam Haddad, Michael E Kelly, James Muller, Jay S Shavadia

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e60465

Establishing Syndromic Surveillance of Acute Coronary Syndrome, Myocardial Infarction, and Stroke: Registry Study Based on Routine Data From German Emergency Departments

Establishing Syndromic Surveillance of Acute Coronary Syndrome, Myocardial Infarction, and Stroke: Registry Study Based on Routine Data From German Emergency Departments

We then calculated sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for all 3 syndrome definitions, along with 95% CI by using each ED case’s hospital discharge diagnosis as a reference standard. We defined the gold standard for the validation of the ED syndromes based on the following criteria: for ACS, cases with the ICD-10 hospital discharge diagnoses I20 or I21; for MI, cases with discharge diagnosis of I21; and for STR, discharge diagnoses of I60, I61, I63, or I64 were considered as true positives.

Madlen Schranz, Mirjam Rupprecht, Annette Aigner, Leo Benning, Carmen Schlump, Nesrine Charfeddine, Michaela Diercke, Linus Grabenhenrich, Alexander Ullrich, Hannelore Neuhauser, Birga Maier, AKTIN Research Group, Felix Patricius Hans, Sabine Blaschke

JMIR Public Health Surveill 2025;11:e66218

Digital Migration of the Loewenstein Acevedo Scales for Semantic Interference and Learning (LASSI-L): Development and Validation Study in Older Participants

Digital Migration of the Loewenstein Acevedo Scales for Semantic Interference and Learning (LASSI-L): Development and Validation Study in Older Participants

Final analyses included examination of classification accuracy, using forward entry stepwise discriminant function analyses to examine the ability of the 6 LASSI variables in each version to classify participants as a MCI versus NC. We then added ADAS-Cog scores to the classification model to see if classification was improved by a standard cognitive assessment targeting AD/ADRD.

Philip Harvey, Rosie Curiel-Cid, Peter Kallestrup, Annalee Mueller, Andrea Rivera-Molina, Sara Czaja, Elizabeth Crocco, David Loewenstein

JMIR Ment Health 2025;12:e64716

Validity, Accuracy, and Safety Assessment of an Aerobic Interval Training Using an App-Based Prehabilitation Program (PROTEGO MAXIMA Trial) Before Major Surgery: Prospective, Interventional Pilot Study

Validity, Accuracy, and Safety Assessment of an Aerobic Interval Training Using an App-Based Prehabilitation Program (PROTEGO MAXIMA Trial) Before Major Surgery: Prospective, Interventional Pilot Study

The hypothesis was that the software would demonstrate comparable accuracy and validity in heart rate measurement during a 6-minute walking test (6 MWT) and a 47-minute interval training session, matching the performance of a certified ECG, which is considered the gold standard. The prospective interventional PROTEGO MAXIMA trial was designed to evaluate the validity, accuracy, and safety of a prehabilitation app.

Sara Fatima Faqar Uz Zaman, Svenja Sliwinski, Lisa Mohr-Wetzel, Julia Dreilich, Natalie Filmann, Charlotte Detemble, Dora Zmuc, Felix Chun, Wojciech Derwich, Waldemar Schreiner, Wolf Bechstein, Johannes Fleckenstein, Andreas A Schnitzbauer

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2025;13:e55298